Ndemanga
Ndi kusankha kwake kwakukulu, kukhazikika kwakukulu, ndi kutaya pang'ono kuyika, Crystal Filter imakhala ndi gawo losasinthika mumayendedwe amakono olankhulirana. Nkhaniyi ikupereka mfundo zoyambira zogwirira ntchito komanso mawonekedwe a zosefera za kristalo, imayang'ana kwambiri kuwunika momwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito m'magawo olumikizirana opanda zingwe, wailesi ndi kanema wawayilesi, ndi machitidwe a radar, ndipo pamapeto pake amakambirana za chitukuko chawo komanso zovuta zomwe amakumana nazo.
1. Mawu Oyamba
M'machitidwe osiyanasiyana olankhulana amagetsi, zosefera ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera ma siginecha, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito posankha gulu lafupipafupi lofunikira ndikupondereza phokoso ndi kusokoneza. Pamene mawonekedwe olankhulirana akuchulukirachulukira, zofunika zapamwamba zimayikidwa patsogolo kuti zitheke.
2. Mfundo Yogwira Ntchito ndi Makhalidwe a Zosefera za Crystal
2.1 Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito
Zosefera za kristalo zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya piezoelectric komanso mawonekedwe amakina a makhiristo a quartz kuti akwaniritse kusankha pafupipafupi. Quartz crystal imakhala ndi kuyankha kwamphamvu kwambiri pakanthawi kochepa, ndipo kamvekedwe kake kamatha kupanga gulu-lodutsa kapena gulu-loyimitsa zosefera pamapangidwe ozungulira, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusefa bwino kapena kupondereza ma sigino mu bandi inayake.
2.2 Makhalidwe Aakulu
High Q-factor: Mtundu wa makristalo a quartz ukhoza kukhala wotalika mpaka 10⁴~10⁶, womwe ndi wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa ma circuit wamba a LC;
Kusankha kwakukulu: Imatha kusefa bwino mkati mwa bandwidth yopapatiza kwambiri, yoyenera kuwunika pafupipafupi kwapakati (IF);
Kukhazikika kwafupipafupi: Kusakhudzidwa ndi kutentha ndi nthawi, kuonetsetsa kuti njira zoyankhulirana zizikhazikika-kwanthawi yayitali;
Kukula kwakung'ono komanso kudalirika kwakukulu: Ndikoyenera kumakina ophatikizika ndi{0}}zozungulira zophatikizika kwambiri.
3. Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zosefera za Crystal mugawo la Communication
3.1 Njira Zolumikizirana Zopanda Mawaya
M'ma transceivers a wailesi, zosefera za kristalo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pagawo losefera ma siginecha apakati pafupipafupi (monga 10.7 MHz). Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndizo:
Kulumikizana Kumodzi-Kulumikizana Kwamtundu (SSB): Kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kupondereza ma frequency azithunzi ndi ma siginecha abodza;
Wailesi ya Amateur: Kupeza njira yofunikira kuti mumve zambiri;
Kuyankhulana ndi mafoni: Monga ma module apakati omwe amalandila pafupipafupi mumakina ngati GSM ndi CDMA.
3.2 Kulumikizana kwa Satellite ndi Radar
Mu ma radar ndi ma satellite ground station systems, zosefera za crystal nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsogolo-kumapeto kwa ma module olandirira matchanelo, makamaka m'masefa apakatikati ndi makina opondereza kugunda kwa mtima, zomwe zimathandiza poletsa{1}}kusokoneza ndi kukonza bwino.
3.3 Wailesi ndi TV
Mu matalikidwe modulation (AM) ndi zazifupi{0}}zolandila zowulutsa mafunde, zosefera za kristalo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo lapakati lokulitsa ma frequency, omwe atha kupereka chidziwitso cha malo abwino a tchanelo ndi kuponderezana kwafupipafupi, kuwongolera kumveka bwino.
3.4 Kulankhulana kwankhondo
Chifukwa cha kusinthika kwake kwachilengedwe komanso kukhazikika, zosefera za kristalo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pawailesi yaukadaulo, kulumikizana kwachinsinsi, ndi machitidwe owongolera kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zachinsinsi komanso kudalirika kwakukulu.
4. Mafupipafupi Afupipafupi a Zosefera za Crystal
Mafupipafupi angapo ogwira ntchito a zosefera za kristalo mumakina olankhulirana:
Mafupipafupi a Sefa ya Crystal:
|
Ntchito Scenario |
Common Center Frequency |
Kufotokozera |
|
Wolandila wailesi ya FM/AM |
10.7 MHz |
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamawayilesi a FM, okhala ndi zofunika kwambiri pakusefa mwatsatanetsatane komanso mzere |
|
General communication receiver |
21.4 MHz |
Ma frequency apakati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri-pazida zoyankhulirana zomaliza, zoyenerera-njira zosinthira ma modulidwe ambiri komanso kutembenuza pafupipafupi |
|
Satellite / radar system |
70 MHz (Mafupipafupi pafupipafupi, IF) |
Ma frequency odziwika apakati amasefa pafupipafupi-ndi maulalo olankhulirana, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi kusintha kwa digito{1}} |
|
Gulu lokonda mafakitale/gulu lankhondo |
1.40 MHz |
Mafupipafupi mafupipafupi amasinthidwa malinga ndi zofunikira za kamangidwe kachitidwe, zomwe zimapezeka kawirikawiri muzoyankhulana zankhondo ndi machitidwe owunikira mafakitale |
5. Mapeto
Zosefera za Crystal zimakhala ndi malo ofunikira kwambiri pazolankhulirana, makamaka pakukonza ma siginecha apakatikati, chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwambiri. Ngakhale kukwera kwa matekinoloje atsopano, magawo awo ogwiritsira ntchito atha kusinthidwa-kawirikawiri, amakhalabe ndi maubwino osasinthika m'njira yolondola komanso yodalirika-yodalirika kwambiri. M'tsogolomu, kudzera mu kukonza zinthu, -kuyika zinthu pang'onopang'ono, ndi kuphatikiza umisiri wophatikizika wozungulira, zosefera za crystal zipitiliza kugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pamakina olankhulirana.
Ngati mukufuna zida zinazake (monga mtundu wina wa walkie-talkie, radar system, ndi zina zotero), HANGJING ingakupatseni ntchito zofananira pafupipafupi kapena makonda anu. Chonde khalani omasuka kulumikizana ndi akatswiri athu a HANGJING kapena ogulitsa nthawi iliyonse.
